Agents for improving the fastness to wet processing

ABSTRACT

Process for improving the fastness to wet processing of dyeings obtained on synethetic polyamides with anionic and/or cationic dyestuffs wherein the dyeings are aftertreated with aqueous liquors containing condensation products of a higher molecular weight prepared from (a) 4,4&#39;&#39;-dioxydiphenyl-sulphon, (b) formaldehyde and (c) phenol sulphonic acid, naphthalene sulphonic acid, sodium sulfite or sodium hydrogen sulfite, using the components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of 1:0.7-1.1: 0.7-0.2.

United States Patent Frickenhaus etal.

[ 1 Feb. 5, 1974 4] AGENTS FOR IMPROVING THE FASTNESS T0 WET PROCESSING [75] Inventors: Gerritt Frickenhaus,

Wuppertal-Ronsdorf; Martin Meister, Leverkusen; Hellmuth Pantke, Leichlingen; Erhard Schuifenhauer, Cologne, all of Germany [73] Assignee: Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiegesellschaft, Leverkusen, Germany 22 Filed: Nov. 30, 1970 21 AppI. No.1 93,812

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data 2,220,129 11/1940 DuPont ..8/74

3,065,039 11/1962 Komarek ..8/94.24X

3,075,822 1/1963 Akel 8/89 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 759,595 12/1953 Great Britain 8/178 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Textile Chemist & Colonist, Sept. 1969, Products/70,

page 293 vol. 1, No. 20A, .1. of Amer. Assoc. of Tex. Chem. & Col.

Trotman, Dyeing & Chemical Tech. of Textile Fibres, page 554 and 555, 4th edit.'Jan. 1970.

Primary Examiner-Donald Levy Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Plumley & Tyner [57 ABSTRACT Process for improving the fastness to wet processing of.

dyeings obtained on synethetic polyamides with anionic and/or cationic dyestuffs wherein the dyeings are aftertreated with aqueous liquors containing condensation products of a higher molecular weight prepared from (a) 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-su1phon, (b) formaldehyde and (c) phenol sulphonic acid, naphthalene sulphonic acid, sodium sulfite or sodium hydrogen sulfite, using the components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of 1:0.7l.1:0.70.2.

18 Claims, No Drawings AGENTS FOR IMPROVING THE FASTNESS TO WET PROCESSING The present invention relates to a process for improving the fastness to wet processing of dyeings obtained on textile materials of synthetic polyamides; more particularly it concerns aprocess for improving the fastness to wet processing of dyeings obtaind in synthetic polyamides with anionic and/or cationic dyestuffs wherein the dyeings are'aftertreated with aqueous liquors containing condensation products of a higher molecular weight prepared from (a) 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-sulphon, (b) formaldehyde and (c) phenol sulphonic acid, naphthalene sulphonic acid, sodium sulfite or sodium hydrogen sulfite, using the components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of l:O.7l.l:O.7-0.2, preferably l:0.7-l.l:O.5-O.25.

The invention relates furthermore to agents for improving the fastness to wet processing of dyeings obtained on textile materials of synthetic polyamides with anionic and/or cationic dyestuffs. The agents are characterised by a content of condensation products of a higher molecular weight prepared from (a) 4,4-dioxydiphenyl-sulphone, (/2) formaldehyde and (c) phenolsulphonic acid, naphthalene sulphonic acid, sodium sulfite or sodium hydrogen s'ulfite, using the components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of l:0.7- l.l:0.7-0.2, preferably l:0.7l.1:0.5-0.25.

The condensation products to be used according to the invention can be applied as free acids or in the form of their alkali salts or ammonium salts.

As alkali salts the sodium and potassium salts may especially be mentioned and as ammonium salts the ammonium, methyl ammonium, cyclohexyl ammonium, monoethanol ammonium, diethanol ammonium, and triethanol ammonium salts may especially be mentioned.

The condensation products to be used according to the invention can be prepared, e'.g., by condensing 4,4- dihydroxydiphenyl-sulphon, formaldehyde and sulphonic acid in an acid or alkaline medium at temperatures of 100 1 20 C preferably at the boiling temperature of the mixtures. If necessary the condensation products may be subsequently precipitated by neutralizing respectively acidifying the reaction mixtures. The reacton of dihydroxydiphenyl-sulphon, formaldehyde and sodium hydrogen sulfite is carried out advantageously by reacting the condensation product obtained by condensing in an alkaline solution dihydroxydiphenyl-sulphon and formaldehyde,- with sodium hydrogen sulfite, respectively advantageously with sodiumpyrosulfite at temperatures of 90 120 C and precipitating the higher molecular weight condensation products by acidifying the reaction solution. I

The quantities in which the condensation products according to the invention are employed in the aftertreatment liquors, can vary within wide limits; in general, an addition of 0.5 5 percent by weight, relative to the weight of the goods being dyed, has proved successful.

The after-treatment, with the condensation products according to the invention, of the dyeings produced on the textile materials of synthetic polyamides with anionic and/or cationic dyestuffs, can be carried out either by the padding process or by the exhaustion process.

In the after-treatment by the padding process, the dyed textile materials are padded with the liquors which contain the condensation products according to the invention, squeezed out to a weight increase of 140 percent, preferably percent, dried at temperatures of 60 100 C, preferably 80C, and subsequently optionally subjected to a dry heat treatment at C.

ln the after-treatment by the exhaustion process, the dyed textile materials are introduced into the aqueous liquor, containing condensation products according to the invention, using a liquor ratio of l 10 1 50, and agitated therein for a certain time, about 10 60 minutes, at slightly elevated temperature, about 30 100 C, preferably 40 70 C. Thereafter, the textile materials are rinsed and dried.

It has frequently proved of value, both in the aftertreatment by the padding process and in the aftertreatment by the exhaustion process, if the aftertreatment liquors contain, additionally to the condensation products to be used according to the invention, also electrolytes, for example, alkali salts, alkaline earth salts or heavy metal salts of inorganic or organic acids, such as sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, cadmium nitrate, zinc chloride and especially magnesium sulphate and zinc acetate. This addition of electrolyte especially improves the fastness-improving action of the condensation products to be used according also with anthraquinone and azo dyestuffs having a basic or quaternised amino group.

As synthetic polyamides which can be dyed with anionic dyestuffs, polyhexamethylenediamine adipate, poly-e-caprolactam and poly-w-aminoundecanoic acid may especially be mentioned, and as synthetic polyamides which can be dyed with cationic dyestuffs the corresponding anionically modified polyamides may especially be mentioned.

It is already known to use tanning agents, e.g., condensation products of dioxydiphenyl-sulphon, formaldehyde and aromatic sulfonic acids as agents for improving the fastness to wet processing of dyeings obtained on textile materials of synthetic polyamides with anionic dyestuffs The condensation products to be used according to the invention are distinguished over these known water-soluble condensation products that according to which have been used in the leather treatment can be applied for improving the fastness to wet processing of dyeings obtained on textile materials of synthetic polyamides with cationic dyestuffs.

The condensation products to be used according to the invention are distinguished over the tanning agents which are used until now as agents for improving the fastness to wet processing that they improve the fastness to wet processing of dyes obtained with anionic as well as with cationic dyestuffs, furthermore that their effectiveness in improving the fastness to wet process ing is not affected by thcrmolixing as is thc effectiveness of tanning agents based on dioxydiphcnylsulphonformaldehyde-aromatic'sulphonic-acidcondensation products and that the effectiveness in improving the fastness to wet processing can be enhanced by the addition of electrolytes.

Furthermore they do not exhibit the disadvantage of the known tanning agents used as agents for improving the fastness to wet processing, to detach partially the cationic dyestuffs fixed on the fibre during the aftertreatment. Therefore the after-treatment with the condensation products to be used according to the invention does not cause a decrease of colour strength and deterioration of the fastness to rubbing of the dyeings obtained with the cationic dyestuffs and dulling of the dyeings obtained with the anionic dyestuffs. It was surprising that by a change in the molecular ratio of the starting materials there were obtained condensation products which are essentially superior in their properties to all agents used until now for improving the fast ness to wet processing.

The parts given in the following examples are parts by weight; the dyestuff numbers refer to the data given in Colour Index, Vol. 3, 2nd edition, 1956. Example I w A fabric of polyhexamethylenediamine adipate filaments which has been dyed with 4 percent referred to the dry-weight of the fabric of the anionic dyestuff No. 62,020 is agitated for 30 minutes in a goods-to-liquor ratio of 1:30 in a bath warmed to 60 C which contains per litre 0.35 g of the condensation product A described below and is adjusted to a'pH-value of 4.5 with acetic acid; thereafter the fabric is rinsed with water and dried. After the treatment the dyeing shows the following values of fastness to wet processing (determined by assessing the bleeding into normal white e-caprolactam according to DIN 54002):

fastness to water b (determined according to DIN 54- O06):5 fastness to perspiration, acid (determined according to DIN 54020):5 fastness to perspiration, alkaline (determined according to DIN 54020): 5 The condensation product A used was manufactured as follows: The mixture. of 134 g of phenolsulphonic acid (0.5 mole), 100 ml of water, 500 g of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulphon (2 mole) and about 60ml of 44 percent strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was mixed with 160 ml of 30 percent strength formaldehyde solution and then heated on the boiling water bath for 30 minutes whilst stirring. There was formed a clear solution which was subsequently heated under reflux for 24 hours. The reaction solution was then diluted with 300 ml of water and mixed with half concentrated hydrochloric acid at C until no further precipitation occurred and the aqueous phase was acid to congo paper. The precipitated resin was pressed out, pulverized and dried. Yield: 575 g An equivalent improvement of the fastness to wet processing was also achieved if there was used instead of the condensation product A the same amount of one of the condensation products B or C described below.

Condensation product 8:

This was manufactured in the same way as product A with the only change that a mixture of I34 g of phenolsulphonic acid (0.5 mole), 50 ml of water, 250 g of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulphon (l mole), 45 ml of 44 percent strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 90 ml of 30 percent strength formaldehyde solution was condensed.

Condensation product C:

This was manufactured in the same way as product A with the only change that a mixture of 90g of phenolsulphonic acid (0.34 mole), 50 ml of water, 250 g of 4,4-dihydroxydiphenylsulphon (1 mole), 35 ml of 44 percent strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 85 ml of 30 percent strength formaldehyde solution was condensed. Example 2 Filaments of anionically modified polyamide which has been dyed 0,75 by weight of the cationic dyestuff I cmoso,

are agitated for 30 minutes in a goods-to-liquor ratio of l :30 in a bath warmed to 60, C which contains per litre 0.35 g of the condensation product described below and has a pH-value of 4.5; subsequently the filaments are rinsed with water and dried. After the treatment the dyeing shows the following values of fastness to wet processing (determined .by assessing the bleeding into normal white c-caprolactam according to DIN 54002):

fastness to water b (determined according to DIN 54006): 4 5 fastness to perspiration, acid (determined according to DIN 54020):4 fastness to perspiration, alkaline (determined according to DIN 54020):4 5 The condensation product used was manufactured as follows: 100 ml of water, 250 g of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulphon (1 mole) and ml of 30 percent strength formaldehyde solution were added to 65 g of the naphthalene sulphonation product described below at a temperature below '1 10 C. The reaction mixture was heated at first for 30 minutes on the boiling water bath, then to reflux. After about 1 hour a clear solution was formed from which on further heating a precipitate separated. The boiling under reflux was continued until an odor of formaldehyde was no longer detectable (about 20 hours). 50 ml of hot water were then added to the reaction mixture. The supernatant liquor was decanted and the remaining resin was pressed out while still warm and dried. Yield: 325 g The naphthalene sulphonation product used was pre thalene and sulphuric acid to 160 C. 260 g of the melt After the treatment, the dyeing shows the following such obtained correspond to about l mole naphthalene values of fastness to wet processing (determined by assulphonic acid. sessing the bleeding into normal white e-polycaprolac- Example 3 tam according to DIN 54,002):

QyeingoTnained with anionic cationic dyestuff fastness to water, b(determined according to DlN 54,006 5 5 fastness to perspiration, acid (determined according to DIN 54,020): 5 4 5 fastness to perspiration, alkaline I (determined according to DIN 54,020): 5 5

V A knitted fabric of polyhexarh thylehediamine adi 1 5 Example 5 p m n d anionically modified p y A fabric of polyhexamethylenediamine adipate filathylehedlamme achpate filaments, Whleh h been y ments which has been dyed with 4 percent by weight of in a Single bath with P n y Welght 0f the the anionic dyestuff No. 62,020 is impregnated on a i i d ff N 13,425 and 0.75 percent by weight padder with an after-treatment liquor which per litre 0f the cationic dyestuff described in Example 2 l agicontains g of one of the ondensation products detated for minutes in a goods-to-liquorratio of 1:30, scribed in example 1, 2 and 3 and 5 g of sodium sulin a bath warmed to 60 C, which per litre contains 0.5 phate, squeezed out to a weight increase of 80 percent, g of the condensation products described below and is then dried for 20 seconds at 80 C and subsequently adjusted to a pH-value of 4.5; thereafter the fabric is heat-fixed for 20 seconds at 195 C.

rinsed with water and dried. I 4 25 As a result of this after-treatment the fastness proper- After the treatment, the dyeing shows the following ties to wet processing of the dyeing are improved to the values of fastness to wet processing (determined by asal given in x p 3 and sessing the bleeding into normal white e-polycaprolac- Ex mple 6 tam according to DIN 54002); Piece goods of polyhexa'methylenediamine adipate Dyeing obtained with I anionic cationic dyestuff fastness to water, b(determined according to DIN 54,006 4 5 5 fastness to perspiration, acid (determined according to DIN 54,020): 4 5 4 5 fastness to perspiration, alkaline The condensation pidiie'iifsedivas manufactured ii; which have been dyed with 4 percent by weight of the I follows: 250 g of 4,4-dihydroxydiphenylsulphon were anionic dyestuff No. 62,020 are continuously treated dissolved with heating inthe solution of 40 g of sodium on the roller box at 60 C with a bath which contains hydroxide in 400 ml of water. The solution such obper litre 30 g of one of the condensation products detained was mixed with 90 ml of 30 percent strength forscribed in Example 1, 2 and 3 and which is adjustedto maldehyde solution, heated to reflux and kept at this a pH-value of 4.5 with acetic acid. The concentration temperature for 14 hours. After cooling the reaction of the condensation product and acetic acid is mainsolution was mixed with 48g of sodium pyros'ulfite; the tained constant by addition of these productsduring precipitation which formed dissolved on heating the the passage time of the piece goods which are subsemixture to reflux temperature. After a 12 hours heat- 50 q ently rinsed With Water and dried.

ing at this temperature the reaction mixture was diluted A5 a result of this after-treatment, the fastness to e with a e al a t of h t w t r a d idifi d at 70 processing of the dyeing is improved to the values given C with 200 ml of hydro chloric acid until the superna- Exambles i and tant liquor was weak mineral acid. The precipitated we Claim! resin was pressed out mechanically while still hot. hi the probes5 for imprbv'ihg the Processing Yield(dried product): 266 g fastness of dyeings on synthetic polyamides with an- H ionic dyestuffs, cationic dyestuffs and mixtures thereof Example 4 in which the dyeings are after-treated with aqueous li- A knitted fabric of Polyhexamethylenediamine quors containing a formaldehyde condensation product P filaments and anibnleahy modified p y the improvement which comprises using as the formalthylehediamihe adipate filaments, which has been y dehyde condensation product an alkali catalyzed conin a single bath with 2 percent by weight of the anionic densation product of higher molecular weight prepared dyestuff No. 62,020 and 0.75 percent by weight of the from (a) 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphcnyl sulfone, (b) formalcationic dyestuff described in Example 2 is afterdehyde and (c) phenol sulfonic acid or naphthalene treated in the same way as is described in Example 3 in sulfonic acid, using the components (a), (h) and (c) in a bath which contains per litre 0.6 g of one of the cona molecular ratio of 1:0.7-1 l :O.70.2.

densation products A, B and C described in Example 2. The process of claim 1 in which said condensation 1 product of higher molecular weight comprises components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of l:O.7l.l:0.5-0.25.

3. The process of claim 2 in which component (c) is phenol sulfonic acid.

4. The process of claim 1 in which the aqueous liquors for after-treatment contain electrolyte in addition to said condensation products.

5. The process of claim 4 in which said electrolyte is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a heavy metal salt of an organic acid.

6. The process of claim 4 in which said electrolyte is a sodium or potassium chloride or cadmium, zinc or magnesium salt of hydrochloric, sulfuric or acetic acid.

7. The process of claim 4 in which magnesium sulfate or zinc acetate is used as said electrolyte.

8. The process of claim 1 in which said condensation product ofhigher molecular weight is soluble in water only with heating and forms an opalescent solution.

9. The process of claim 1 in which the amount of said condensation product of higher molecular weight in the treating liquor is 0.5-5 per cent by weight of the synthetic polyamide material and in which the treating liquor is applied to increase the weight the synthetic polyamide by 70-140 percent.

10. Synthetic polyamide textile material having good wet processing fastness'comprising polyamide textile material dyed with anionic dyestuff, cationic dyestuff or mixture thereof and after treated by applying, in an aqueous liquor, an effective amount of a formaldehyde condensation product to increase the degree of wet processing fastness; said formaldehyde condensation product comprising an alkali catalyzed condensation product of higher molecular weight prepared from (a) 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-sulfone, (b) formaldehyde and (c) phenol sulfonic acid or naphthalene sulfonic acid, using the components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of of claim 10 in which said condensation product of higher molecular weight comprises components (a), (b). and (c) in a molecular ratio of l:0.7-l.l:0.5-0.25.

12. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 11 in which component (c) is phenol sulfonic acid.

13. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 11 in which the aqueous liquors for aftertreatment contain electrolyte in addition to said condensation products.

14. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 13 in which said electrolyte is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a heavy metal salt of an organic acid.

15. The treatedsynthetic polyamide textile material of claim' 13 in which said electrolyte is a sodium or potassium chloride or a cadmium, zinc or magnesium salt of hydrochloric, sulfuric or acetic acid.

16. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 13 in which magnesium sulfate or zinc acetate is used as said electrolyte.

17. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 10 in which said condensation product of higher molecular weight is soluble in wateronly with heating and forms an opalescent solution.

18. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 10 in which the amount of said condensation product of higher molecular weight in the aqueous liquor is 0.5-5 percent by weight of the synthetic polyamide material and in which the aqueous liquor is applied to increase the weightof the synthetic polyamide by 70-140 percent. 

2. The process of claim 1 in which said condensation product of higher molecular weight comprises components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of 1:0.7-1.1:0.5-0.25.
 3. The process of claim 2 in which component (c) is phenol sulfonic acid.
 4. The process of claim 1 in which the aqueous liquors for after-treatment contain electrolyte in addition to said condensation products.
 5. The process of claim 4 in which said electrolyte is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a heavy metal salt of an organic acid.
 6. The process of claim 4 in which said electrolyte is a sodium or potassium chloride or cadmium, zinc or magnesium salt of hydrochloric, sulfuric or acetic acid.
 7. The process of claim 4 in which magnesium sulfate or zinc acetate is used as said electrolyte.
 8. The process of claim 1 in which said condensation product of higher molecular weight is soluble in water only with heating and forms an opalescent solution.
 9. The process of claim 1 in which the amount of said condensation product of higher molecular weight in the treating liquor is 0.5-5 per cent by weight of the synthetic polyamide material and in which the treating liquor is applied to increase the weight the synthetic polyamide by 70-140 percent.
 10. Synthetic polyamide textile material having good wet processing fastness comprising polyamide textile material dyed with anionic dyestuff, cationic dyestuff or mixture thereof and after treated by applying, in an aqueous liquor, an effective amount of a formaldehyde condensation product to increase the degree of wet processing fastness; said formaldehyde condensation product comprising an alkali catalyzed condensation product of higher molecular weight prepared from (a) 4,4''-dioxydiphenyl-sulfone, (b) formaldehyde and (c) phenol sulfonic acid or naphthalene sulfonic acid, using the components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of 1:0.7-1.1:0.7-0.2; and drying the treated synthetic polyamide textile material.
 11. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 10 in which said condensation product of higher molecular weight comprises components (a), (b) and (c) in a molecular ratio of 1: 0.7-1.1:0.5-0.25.
 12. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 11 in which component (c) is phenol sulfonic acid.
 13. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 11 in which the aqueous liquors for after-treatment contain electrolyte in addition to said condensation products.
 14. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 13 in which said electrolyte is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a heavy metal salt of an organic acid.
 15. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 13 in which said electrolyte is a sodium or potassium chloride or a cadmium, zinc or magnesium salt of hydrochloric, sulfuric or acetic acid.
 16. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 13 in which magnesium sulfate or zinc acetate is used as said electrolyte.
 17. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 10 in which said condensation product of Higher molecular weight is soluble in water only with heating and forms an opalescent solution.
 18. The treated synthetic polyamide textile material of claim 10 in which the amount of said condensation product of higher molecular weight in the aqueous liquor is 0.5-5 percent by weight of the synthetic polyamide material and in which the aqueous liquor is applied to increase the weight of the synthetic polyamide by 70-140 percent. 